{"id":2370,"date":"2021-03-22T13:05:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-22T11:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/?p=2370"},"modified":"2021-03-22T13:05:02","modified_gmt":"2021-03-22T11:05:02","slug":"hypervisor-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/genel\/hypervisor-nedir.html","title":{"rendered":"Hypervisor Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sanal makine monit\u00f6r\u00fc veya VMM olarak da bilinen bir hypervisor yani hiper y\u00f6netici, sanal makineler (VM’ler) olu\u015fturan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran yaz\u0131l\u0131md\u0131r. Bir hiper y\u00f6netici, bir ana bilgisayar\u0131n bellek ve i\u015fleme gibi kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 sanal olarak payla\u015farak birden \u00e7ok konuk VM’yi desteklemesine izin verir. Bir i\u015fletim sisteminin sanal makinelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131yla temeldeki donan\u0131mdan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanal bilgi i\u015flem, depolama ve bellek kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131r. Tek bir sunucunun (\u00e7\u0131plak metal hiper y\u00f6netici) \u00fczerinde birden \u00e7ok i\u015fletim sistemi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir veya bir standart i\u015fletim sisteminin \u00fczerine kurulabilir ve ondan izole edilebilir (bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan hiper y\u00f6netici).  Hypervisor ana bilgisayar \u00fczerinde birden \u00e7ok sanal makine \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Her sanal makinede kendi i\u015fletim sistemini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Kullan\u0131l\u0131r duruma getirilen sanal makinelerin say\u0131s\u0131 ana makinedeki donan\u0131m kaynaklar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. RAM, CPU ve sabit disk gibi fiziksel sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 sanal makineye uygun bir \u015fekilde tahsis eder. Bu i\u015flem, bir sanal makinedeki i\u015flemlerin ba\u015fka sanal makinedeki i\u015flemlerle kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.  Bir hiper y\u00f6netici, bir ana bilgisayar\u0131n bellek ve i\u015fleme gibi kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 sanal olarak payla\u015farak birden \u00e7ok konuk VM’yi desteklemesine izin verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hypervisor T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir,<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hem i\u015fletim hem de donan\u0131m sistemi \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan hypervisor yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iki t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Tip 1 (Yerli)<\/li>
  2. Tip 2 (Bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Tip 1 Hypervisor (Native, Bare Metal)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ana bilgisayar\u0131n donan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Direkt olarak donan\u0131m \u00fczerinde kuruludur. Misafir i\u015fletim sistemlerine sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00f6revini y\u00f6netir. Tip 1 fiziksel bir sunucudan daha fazla yararlanman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu yaz\u0131l\u0131m fiziksel bir sunucu \u00fczerine kurularak maliyetleri en aza indirgemektedir ve birden fazla microsoft server i\u015fletim sistemi kurmaya ve y\u00f6netmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Hafif bir i\u015fletim sistemi gibi davran\u0131r ve do\u011frudan ana bilgisayar\u0131n donan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    En yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan hypervisor t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sald\u0131r\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletim sisteminden izole edildi\u011finden, son derece g\u00fcvenlidirler.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Genellikle bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan (Tip 2) hipervisorlerden daha iyi ve daha verimli performans g\u00f6sterirler. Tip1 hipervisorler do\u011frudan bilgi i\u015flem donan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan hipervisorler ana makinenin i\u015fletim sisteminin (OS) \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bu yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullanan sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma programlar\u0131 ise \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • Oracle VM server for SPARC <\/li>
    • Oracle VM server for x86<\/li>
    • Citrix Xen Server<\/li>
    • Microsoft Hyper-V<\/li>
    • VMware ESX\/ESXi<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Tip 2 Hypervisor (Hosted Hypervisor)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Bir i\u015fletim sistemi i\u00e7erisinde bulunmaktad\u0131r. Fiziksel sunucudan pek fazla faydalan\u0131lamaz. Di\u011fer bilgisayar programlar\u0131 gibi bir i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m katman\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bir i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde katman olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda performans konusunda sorunlar yaratacakt\u0131r. Tip 2 yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanan sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma programlar\u0131na ise \u015funlar\u0131 \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterebiliriz. Bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan hipervisorlerin i\u015fletim sistemi i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hipervisor\u00fcn \u00fczerine ek (ve farkl\u0131) i\u015fletim sistemleri kurulabilir. Bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan hipervisorlerin dezavantaj\u0131, gecikmenin \u00e7\u0131plak metal hipervisorlerden daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun nedeni, donan\u0131m ve hiper y\u00f6netici aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimin i\u015fletim sisteminin ekstra katman\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mesi gerekti\u011fidir. Bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan hipervisorler bazen istemci hipervisorleri olarak bilinirler \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar, daha y\u00fcksek gecikmenin daha az endi\u015fe verici oldu\u011fu son kullan\u0131c\u0131lar ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m testlerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      • Parallels Desktop<\/li>
      • Oracle VM Virtual Box<\/li>
      • VMware Workstation<\/li>
      • VMware Fusion<\/li>
      • VMware Player<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n

        Ni\u00e7in Hypervisor Kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Bu sistem sayesinde mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 en etkili ve fazla bir \u015fekilde kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Misafir sanal makineler (VM), ana bilgisayar donan\u0131m\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z oldu\u011fundan daha fazla BT mobilitesi sa\u011flar. Bu, farkl\u0131 sunucular aras\u0131nda kolayca ta\u015f\u0131nabilecekleri anlam\u0131na gelir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Birden \u00e7ok sanal makine, bir hiper y\u00f6netici ile tek bir fiziksel sunucudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabildi\u011finden bu sayede \u015funlar\u0131 azaltabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        • Bo\u015fluk<\/li>
        • Enerji<\/li>
        • Bak\u0131m gereksinimleri<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Hypervisor Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Hipervisorler bir bilgisayar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 donan\u0131m\u0131ndan soyutlayarak sanal makinelerin (VM’ler) olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimini destekler. \u0130stekleri sanal ve fiziksel kaynaklar aras\u0131nda \u00e7evirerek sanalla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. Bare-metal hipervisorler (Tip1), bir bilgisayardaki i\u015fletim sisteminin sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na eri\u015fmesini ve kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bazen ana kart temel giri\u015f \/ \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f sistemi (BIOS) ile ayn\u0131 seviyede \u00fcr\u00fcn yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Hypervisor Size Ne Gibi Faydalar Sa\u011flar?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          H\u0131z:<\/strong> Hipervisorler, \u00e7\u0131plak metal sunuculardan farkl\u0131 olarak sanal makinelerin an\u0131nda olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na izin verir. Bu, dinamik i\u015f y\u00fckleri i\u00e7in gerekti\u011finde kaynak sa\u011flamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Verimlilik:<\/strong> Bir fiziksel makinenin kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde birka\u00e7 sanal makine \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran hipervisorler, tek bir fiziksel sunucunun daha verimli kullan\u0131m\u0131na da sa\u011flar. Tek bir fiziksel makinede birka\u00e7 sanal makineyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, ayn\u0131 g\u00f6rev i\u00e7in birden fazla yetersiz kullan\u0131lan fiziksel makineyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan daha maliyet ve enerji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha verimlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Esneklik:<\/strong> \u00c7\u0131plak metal hipervisorler, i\u015fletim sistemlerinin ve bunlarla ili\u015fkili uygulamalar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli donan\u0131m t\u00fcrlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hiper y\u00f6netici i\u015fletim sistemini temeldeki donan\u0131mdan ay\u0131r\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece yaz\u0131l\u0131m art\u0131k belirli donan\u0131m ayg\u0131tlar\u0131na veya s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclere dayanmaz.Ta\u015f\u0131nabilirlik:<\/strong> Hipervisor, birden \u00e7ok i\u015fletim sisteminin ayn\u0131 fiziksel sunucuda (ana makine) bulunmas\u0131na izin verir. Hipervisor\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sanal makineler fiziksel makineden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131nabilirdir. BT ekipleri, makineden makineye veya platformdan platforma ge\u00e7erek, i\u015f y\u00fcklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir ve a\u011f ileti\u015fimi, bellek, depolama ve i\u015fleme kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 gerekti\u011finde birden \u00e7ok sunucu aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bir uygulama daha fazla i\u015flem g\u00fcc\u00fcne ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funda, sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ek makinelere sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde eri\u015fmesine izin verir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Sanal makine monit\u00f6r\u00fc veya VMM olarak da bilinen bir hypervisor yani hiper y\u00f6netici, sanal makineler (VM’ler) olu\u015fturan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran yaz\u0131l\u0131md\u0131r. Bir hiper y\u00f6netici, bir ana bilgisayar\u0131n bellek ve i\u015fleme gibi kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 sanal olarak payla\u015farak birden \u00e7ok konuk VM’yi desteklemesine izin…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel"],"yoast_head":"\nHypervisor Nedir? - G\u00fczel Hosting Internet Hizmetleri - Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/genel\/hypervisor-nedir.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hypervisor Nedir? - G\u00fczel Hosting Internet Hizmetleri - Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sanal makine monit\u00f6r\u00fc veya VMM olarak da bilinen bir hypervisor yani hiper y\u00f6netici, sanal makineler (VM’ler) olu\u015fturan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran yaz\u0131l\u0131md\u0131r. 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