{"id":1162,"date":"2018-11-27T17:29:14","date_gmt":"2018-11-27T15:29:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/?p=1162"},"modified":"2018-11-27T17:29:14","modified_gmt":"2018-11-27T15:29:14","slug":"linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/genel\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u2019ta Bilinmesi Gereken En Temel Komutlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux i\u015fletim sistemi <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ok yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve her bireyin rahatl\u0131kla kullanabilece\u011fi, son derece rahat ve basit bir kullan\u0131m aray\u00fcz\u00fcne sahiptir. Bu do\u011frultuda; Linux i\u015fletim sisteminin hem \u00fccretsiz olmas\u0131 hem de kolay kullan\u0131m <\/span>\u00f6<\/span>zelli\u011fine sahip olan bir i\u015fletim sistemi olmas\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131ya<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ok daha rahat bir kullan\u0131m sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di<\/span>\u011f<\/span>er i<\/span>\u015fletim sistemlerine g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>re a<\/span>\u00e7\u0131k kaynak kodlu olmas\u0131 ve tamamen \u00fccretsiz olmas\u0131 belirgin en <\/span>\u00f6<\/span>nemli iki kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r diyebiliriz. A\u00e7\u0131k kaynak kodlu olmas\u0131 demek sizin i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yaparak kendi s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc olu\u015fturman\u0131z ve hatta aray\u00fcz\u00fc d\u00fczenleyerek yepyeni\u00a0 bir i\u015fletim sistemi olu\u015fturman\u0131z anlam\u0131na gelebilmektedir. Bu gibi <\/span>\u00f6<\/span>zelliklere ek olarak Windows gibi bir <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ok i\u015fletim sistemine g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>re daha g\u00fcvenli olmas\u0131 ve vir\u00fcs bula\u015fma ihtimali olmamas\u0131 da bu i\u015fletim sistemini cazip k\u0131lan en <\/span>\u00f6<\/span>nemli faydalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca son derece h\u0131zl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve temiz bir aray\u00fcze sahip olmas\u0131, Linux\u2019<\/span>u di<\/span>\u011f<\/span>er i<\/span>\u015fletim sistemlerinin bir ad\u0131m daha <\/span>\u00f6<\/span>n\u00fcne ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Linux Komutlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Linux\u2019ta bilinmesi gereken yakla\u015f\u0131k on bir adet temel komut vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 s\u0131rayla a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>1) \u201cman\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Di<\/span>\u011f<\/span>er t<\/span>\u00fcm komutlar\u0131n nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmemizi ve onlarla ilgili bilgi toplamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u201cman\u201d <\/span>esasen <\/span>\u201cmanuel\u201d (kitap\u00e7\u0131k) kelimesinin k\u0131<\/span>salt<\/span>\u0131lm\u0131\u015f halidir. \u0130minden de anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczre bu komut asl\u0131nda bize bir kitap\u00e7\u0131k vazifesi g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcp bilgi edinmek istedi\u011fimiz t\u00fcm komutlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m \u015feklini ve ne i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>rmemizi sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>2) \u201ccd\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201ccd\u201d komutu bir dizine girmek ve o dizinden \u00e7\u0131kmak i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>in kullan\u0131lan bir komuttur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Belgelerim klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc<\/span>ne eri<\/span>\u015fim sa\u011flamak istiyorsan\u0131<\/span>z, <\/span>\u201c<\/span>cd Downloads<\/span>\u201d veya \u201c<\/span>cd Dow*<\/span>\u201d \u015feklinde yazarak bu klas\u00f6r dizininin i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisine eri\u015febilirsiniz. Ancak ikinci eri\u015fim y<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>nteminde Dow* ile ba\u015flayan ba\u015fka bir klas\u00f6r\u00fcn olmamas\u0131na dikkat edin \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc e\u011fer var ise dizin i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisine giremezsiniz. Ve unutmamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z ki bu komut b\u00fcy\u00fck ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harf duyarl\u0131d\u0131r. Yani \u201c<\/span>cd Downloads<\/span>\u201d kullanmak yerine \u201c<\/span>cd downloads<\/span>\u201d yazarsan\u0131z arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r bulunamayacakt\u0131r. Bulundu\u011f<\/span>unuz Download klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcnden yine masa\u00fcst\u00fc<\/span>ne d<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>nmek isterseniz e\u011fer \u201ccd ..\u201d komutunu yazman\u0131z yeterli olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131<\/span>ca <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ok fazla i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>i i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>e klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc bulunan bir dizinde iseniz masa\u00fcst\u00fc<\/span>ne d<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>nmek i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>in her seferinde \u201ccd ..\u201d yapmak yerine \u201c<\/span>cd ~<\/span>\u201d komutunu kullanarak tek seferde en ba\u015ftaki klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>re eri<\/span>\u015fim sa\u011flayabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>3) \u201cls\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu komut size bulundu\u011funuz dizindeki t\u00fcm klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>rlerin isimlerini yazd\u0131racakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, e\u011f<\/span>er Masa<\/span>\u00fcst\u00fc klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcnde bulunuyorsan\u0131z ve eri\u015f<\/span>ece<\/span>\u011finiz dosyan\u0131<\/span>n ad<\/span>\u0131n\u0131 unuttuysan\u0131z \u201cls\u201d yazarak masa\u00fcst\u00fcnde bulunan t\u00fcm dosyalar\u0131<\/span>n ad<\/span>\u0131n\u0131 listeleyebilirsiniz. Bu komutu di\u011f<\/span>er t<\/span>\u00fcm dizinlerin i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisinde de keza uygulay\u0131p o dizinde bulunan t\u00fcm dosyalar\u0131 listeleyebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>4) \u201cpwd\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu komut size bulundu\u011funuz dizinin dosya yolunu g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>sterecektir <\/span>\u00f6<\/span>rne\u011fin <\/span>home\u00a0<\/span><\/b>da bulunan <\/span>downloads\u00a0<\/span><\/b>klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisindeki\u00a0resimler\u00a0<\/b>klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisine girip \u201cpwd\u201d\u00a0<\/b>komutunu <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131<\/span>rsan<\/span>\u0131z size \u201c\/home\/downloads\/resimler\u201d<\/b>\u015f<\/span>eklinde size root dan ba<\/span>\u015flayarak tam hangi klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>rde oldu\u011funuzu g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>sterir. Root Linux bir sistemin temelidir ve root, e\u011fik bir <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>izgi ile g<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>sterilir (\/).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>5) \u201cmkdir\u201d ve \u201crmdir\u201d Komutlar\u0131<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cmkdir\u201d yeni bir klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r olu\u015fturman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan komuttur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, masa\u00fcst\u00fcnde g\u00fc<\/b><\/span>zelhosting\u00a0<\/span><\/b>ismi ile bir klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r olu\u015fturmak istiyorsan\u0131z \u201cmkdir g\u00fc<\/span>zelhosting<\/span>\u201d \u00a0ya da \u201cmkdir (dosyan\u0131z\u0131<\/span>n ad<\/span>\u0131) \u201d \u015feklinde yazman\u0131z yeterli olacakt\u0131r. \u201crmdir\u201d komutu ise bulundu\u011funuz klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc (e\u011fer klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcn i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>i bo\u015f ise) silmenizi sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. E\u011f<\/span>er i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>i dolu bir dizini bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zdan kald\u0131rmak istiyorsan\u0131z \u201crm \u2013r klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc<\/span>n ad<\/span>\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde silmelisiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, pwd komutunda bahsetti\u011fimiz downloads klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcn\u00fc i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisi dolu oldu\u011fundan \u201crmdir\u201d kullanarak silemezsiniz di\u011fer komutu kullanman\u0131z gerekir resimler klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcn\u00fc i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>i bo\u015f oldu\u011fundan rmdir kullanarak silmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b>6) \u201ctouch\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201ctouch\u201d komutu bir dosya olu\u015fturman\u0131za yarayan bir komuttur. Bu komut ile ister .zip ister .txt uzant\u0131l\u0131 bir dosya olu\u015fturabilirsiniz. \u00d6rnek kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u201c<\/span>touch g<\/span>\u00fc<\/span>zelhosting.txt<\/span>\u201d \u015feklindedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

7) \u201ccp\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201ccp\u201d komutunu se<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ti\u011finiz herhangi bir dosyay\u0131 veya klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc bir yere kopyalamak i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>in kullan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. \u201ccp\u201d beraberinde iki arg\u00fcman al\u0131narak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130lk arg\u00fcman da kopyalayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z dosyan\u0131<\/span>n ad<\/span>\u0131n\u0131 yazars\u0131n\u0131z di\u011ferinde kopyalanacak dizinin dosya yolunu yazars\u0131n\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201c<\/span>cp g<\/span>\u00fc<\/span>zelhosting.txt .\/home\/<\/span>\u201d resimler klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fcn\u00fc home dizininin i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisine kopyalayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>8) \u201cmv\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cmv\u201d komutu, dosyalar\u0131 bir b<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>lgeden ba\u015fka bir b<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>lgeye ta\u015f\u0131mak i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda,\u00a0 \u201cmv\u201d komutunu bir dosyay\u0131 yeniden adland\u0131rmak i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>in de kullanabiliriz. \u00d6rne\u011fin az evvel kopyalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u201cg\u00fc<\/span>zelhosting.txt<\/span>\u201d dosyas\u0131n\u0131n ismini \u201cg\u00fc<\/span>zel.txt<\/span>\u201d olarak yeniden adland\u0131rmak istiyoruz. \u201cmv copytest.txt newcopytest.txt\u201d komutu ile bu i\u015flemi ger<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ekle\u015ftirebiliriz. Daha sonra bu klas<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>r\u00fc home dizini i<\/span>\u00e7<\/span>erisine ta\u015f\u0131mak isterseniz \u201cmv g\u00fc<\/span>zel.txt ~\/home<\/span>\u201d komutunu kullanman\u0131z yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>9) \u201c<\/span><\/b>find<\/span><\/b>\u201d ve \u201c<\/span><\/b>locate<\/span><\/b>\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

\u201c<\/span>find \/ -name <\/span><\/b>\u201cg\u00fc<\/span><\/b>zel.txt<\/span><\/b>\u201d<\/span><\/b>\u201d komutunu kullanarak g\u00fczel.txt dosyas\u0131na eri\u015febilirsiniz veya ayn\u0131 i\u015f<\/span>lemi <\/span>\u201c<\/span>locate g<\/span><\/b>\u00fc<\/span><\/b>zel.txt<\/span><\/b>\u201d komutunu kullanarak yapabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>10) \u201csudo\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Sudo komut sat\u0131r\u0131nda <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ok yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir komut sat\u0131r\u0131d\u0131<\/span>r. Sudo, <\/span>\u201cSuperUserDo\u201d kelimesinden gelmektedir. Bu komutu yap\u0131lacak bir i\u015flemde k<\/span>\u00f6<\/span>k ayr\u0131<\/span>cal<\/span>\u0131klar\u0131 kullanmak istersek veya idari bir yap\u0131yla eri\u015fimde bulunmak istersek kullanabiliriz. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201c<\/span>sudo su<\/span>\u201d komutunu kullanarak bilgisayar sistemindeki bir <\/span>\u00e7<\/span>ok dosyaya admin yetkisi vererek i\u015flem yapmaya ba\u015flayabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>11) \u201ckillall\u201d Komutu<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

Durdurmak isteyip de durduramad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir program\u0131 bu komut ile an\u0131nda durdurabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201c<\/span>killall chrome<\/span><\/b>\u201d veya \u201c<\/span>killall winrar<\/span><\/b>\u201d \u015feklinde.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Linux i\u015fletim sistemi \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve her bireyin rahatl\u0131kla kullanabilece\u011fi, son derece rahat ve basit bir kullan\u0131m aray\u00fcz\u00fcne sahiptir. Bu do\u011frultuda; Linux i\u015fletim sisteminin hem \u00fccretsiz olmas\u0131 hem de kolay kullan\u0131m \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip olan bir i\u015fletim…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux\u2019ta Bilinmesi Gereken En Temel Komutlar - G\u00fczel Hosting Internet Hizmetleri - Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/genel\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Linux\u2019ta Bilinmesi Gereken En Temel Komutlar - G\u00fczel Hosting Internet Hizmetleri - Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Linux i\u015fletim sistemi \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve her bireyin rahatl\u0131kla kullanabilece\u011fi, son derece rahat ve basit bir kullan\u0131m aray\u00fcz\u00fcne sahiptir. Bu do\u011frultuda; Linux i\u015fletim sisteminin hem \u00fccretsiz olmas\u0131 hem de kolay kullan\u0131m \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip olan bir i\u015fletim...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/genel\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"G\u00fczel Hosting Internet Hizmetleri - Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/guzelhosting\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-11-27T15:29:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.guzel.net.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"210\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Editor\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@guzelhosting\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@guzelhosting\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Editor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Editor\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/8bfd4f2405f03c08d0afb3466ac41954\"},\"headline\":\"Linux\u2019ta Bilinmesi Gereken En Temel Komutlar\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-11-27T15:29:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html\"},\"wordCount\":1060,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/11\\\/2.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.guzel.net.tr\\\/blog\\\/genel\\\/linuxta-bilinmesi-gereken-en-temel-komutlar.html\",\"name\":\"Linux\u2019ta Bilinmesi Gereken En Temel Komutlar - 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